Linux: 自动化-系统部署pxe-cobbler

ksvalidator /PATH/TO/KICKSTART_FILE

┌────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│#Basic Configuration
│========================================================
│#platform=x86, AMD64, or Intel EM64T
│#Default Language默认语言
│lang en_US
│# Keyboard 键盘
│keyboard 'us'
│# timezone 时区(勾选了"Use UTC clock" 会追加[--isUtc])
│timezone Asia/Shanghai
│# Root password
│rootpw --iscrypted $1$DBk7xfJp$Agxd303XUAfRKIf7gB8DG/
└──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
┌────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│#Advanced Configuration
│勾选就有，不勾没有
│========================================================
│# Reboot after installation
│reboot
│# Use text mode install
│text
└────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

┌────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│#Installation Method
│========================================================
│# Install OS instead of upgrade
│install
│# Upgrade existing installation
│upgrade
└────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
┌────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│#Installation source
│选了哪项就写哪项
│========================================================
│# Use CDROM installation media
│cdrom
│# Use NFS installation media
│nfs --server=服务器 --dir=目录
│# Use network installation
│url --url="ftp://用户名:密码@服务器/目录"
│# Use network installation
│url --url="http://服务器/目录"
│# Use hard drive installation media
│harddrive --dir=目录 --partition=分区
└────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

┌────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│#Installation Method&GRUB options&Install Options
│=================================================================
│ ┌────────────────────────────────────┐
│ │ 选择了Do not install a boot loader │
│ └────────────────────────────────────┘
│ # System bootloader configuration
│ bootloader --location=none
│
│ ┌────────────────────────────────────┐
│ │ 选择了install new boot loader │
│ └────────────────────────────────────┘
│ bootloader --append="ker" --location=mbr --password="123"
│#append是内核参数，location是bootloader安装位置，password是GRUB密码
└────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│# Master Boot Record
│#Master Boot Record选择了clear... 否则就没有
│======================================================
│# Clear the Master Boot Record
│zerombr
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│# Partitions&Disk Label
│======================================================
│# Partition clearing information
│clearpart --linux --initlabel
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│# Layout 分区
│part 挂载点 --fstype=文件系统 --size=大小(单位M)
│======================================================
│# Disk partitioning information
│part / --fstype="xfs" --size=10240
│part /boot --fstype="ext4" --size=1024
│part swap --fstype="swap" --size=2048
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│# Network Configuration
│Centos7如果要写eth0,要加内核参数net.ifnames=0
│======================================================
│# Network information
│network --bootproto=dhcp --device=eth0
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

┌───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│# Authentication
│如果勾选Enable Fingerprint reader则追加参数 --enablefingerprint
│===============================================================
│# System authorization information
│auth --useshadow --passalgo=md5
└───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

┌───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│# Firewall Configuration
│===============================================================
│# SELinux configuration
│selinux --disabled或permissive或enforcing
│ │
# Firewall configuration
│firewall --disabled或enabled
│#如果是enable,可以在追加：--http --ftp --telnet --smtp --ssh
│#还可以追加端口：--port=555:tcp,444:udp
└───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

┌───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│# Display Configuration
│===============================================================
│如果选了安装图形界面，就没有下面这句话
│# Do not configure the X Window System
│skipx
│# Run the Setup Agent on first boot
│firstboot --enable或disable
└───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

[root]#vim /etc/yum.repos.d/***.repo
[development]
#把原来"[]"内的内容改成development就可以了，其它不变

%packages
@development
-byacc
-cscope
-ctags
-diffstat
-doxygen
-elfutils
-gcc-gfortran
-git
-indent
-intltool
-patchutils
-rcs
-subversion
-swig
-systemtap
%end

%pre
i am pre
%end

%post --nochroot
i am post
%end

#platform=x86, AMD64, or Intel EM64T
#version=DEVEL
# Install OS instead of upgrade
install
# Keyboard layouts
keyboard 'us'
# Root password
rootpw --iscrypted $1$2TeoFGRN$EeykyMirEiMIya57QmbG71
# Use network installation
url --url="http://192.168.100.7/Centos/7/os/x86_64"
# System language
lang zh_CN
# System authorization information
auth --useshadow --passalgo=sha512
# Use text mode install
text
# Run the Setup Agent on first boot
firstboot --enable
# SELinux configuration
selinux --disabled
# Do not configure the X Window System
skipx

# Firewall configuration
firewall --disabled
# Network information
network --bootproto=dhcp --device=eth0
# Reboot after installation
reboot
# System timezone
timezone Asia/Shanghai
# System bootloader configuration
bootloader --append="net.ifnames=0" --location=mbr
# Clear the Master Boot Record
zerombr
# Partition clearing information
clearpart --all --initlabel
# Disk partitioning information
part /boot --fstype="ext4" --size=2048
part / --fstype="xfs" --size=10240
part swap --fstype="swap" --size=2048

%pre
i am pre
%end

%post --nochroot
i am post
%end

%packages
@development
-byacc
-cscope
-ctags
-diffstat
-doxygen
-elfutils
-gcc-gfortran
-git
-indent
-intltool
-patchutils
-rcs
-subversion
-swig
-systemtap
%end

#安装tftp服务器包
[root@centos8 ~]#dnf install tftp-server -y
[root@centos8 ~]#rpm -ql tftp-server
/usr/lib/.build-id
/usr/lib/.build-id/8c
/usr/lib/.build-id/8c/6921a9fb21d66da4fb299d516bce9ee6afea34
/usr/lib/systemd/system/tftp.service   #tftp service文件
/usr/lib/systemd/system/tftp.socket    #tftp socket文件
/usr/sbin/in.tftpd                     #tftp主程序
/usr/share/doc/tftp-server
/usr/share/doc/tftp-server/CHANGES
/usr/share/doc/tftp-server/README
/usr/share/doc/tftp-server/README.security
/usr/share/man/man8/in.tftpd.8.gz
/usr/share/man/man8/tftpd.8.gz
/var/lib/tftpboot                      #TFTP服务数据目录

#启动服务
[root@centos8 ~]#systemctl enable --now tftp.service
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/sockets.target.wants/tftp.socket →
/usr/lib/systemd/system/tftp.socket.

[root@centos8 ~]#ss -nulp|grep tftp
UNCONN    0      0                  *:69                    *:*
users:(("in.tftpd",pid=10100,fd=0),("systemd",pid=1,fd=32))

#准备测试文件
[root@centos8 ~]#cp /etc/fstab /var/lib/tftpboot/f1.txt
[root@centos8 ~]#mkdir /var/lib/tftpboot/dir
[root@centos8 ~]#cp /etc/password /var/lib/tftpboot/dir/f2.txt

#安装tftp客户端包
[root@centos7 ~]#yum -y install tftp
#客户端通过tftp测试下载文件
[root@centos7 ~]#tftp 10.0.0.8
tftp> ls
?Invalid command
tftp> help
tftp-hpa 5.2
Commands may be abbreviated. Commands are:

connect     connect to remote tftp
mode        set file transfer mode
put         send file
get         receive file
quit        exit tftp
verbose     toggle verbose mode
trace       toggle packet tracing
literal     toggle literal mode, ignore ':' in file name
status      show current status
binary      set mode to octet
ascii       set mode to netascii
rexmt       set per-packet transmission timeout
timeout     set total retransmission timeout
?           print help information
help        print help information
tftp> get f1.txt
tftp> get dir/f2.txt
tftp> quit
[root@centos7 ~]#ls
anaconda-ks.cfg f1.txt f2.txt

#以下在tftp服务器执行，当用户下载文件后，可以观察到服务器端自动打开in.tftpd主程序
[root@centos8 tftpboot]#ps aux|grep in.tftp
root        1276  0.0  0.2  14912  1720 ?       Ss   12:03   0:00
/usr/sbin/in.tftpd -s /var/lib/tftpboot
root        1282  0.0  0.1  12108  960 pts/0    R+   12:04   0:00 grep --color=auto in.tftp

[root@centos6 ~]#yum install dhcp httpd tftp-server syslinux
[root@centos6 ~]#chkconfig tftp on
[root@centos6 ~]#chkconfig httpd on
[root@centos6 ~]#chkconfig dhcpd on
[root@centos6 ~]#service httpd start
[root@centos6 ~]#service xneted start

[root@centos6 ~]#mkdir -pv /var/www/html/centos/6/os/x86_64
[root@centos6 ~]#mount /dev/sr0 /var/www/html/centos/6/os/x86_64

[root@centos6 ~]#mkdir /var/www/html/ks/
[root@centos6 ~]#vim /var/www/html/centos/ks/centos6.cfg
[root@centos6 ~]#grep -vE '^#|^$' /var/www/html/centos/ks/centos6.cfg
install
text
reboot
url --url=http://10.0.0.100/centos/6/os/x86_64/
lang en_US.UTF-8
keyboard us
network --onboot yes --device eth0 --bootproto dhcp --noipv6
rootpw --iscrypted
$6$b6C5mM/BwOMBoK8H$cYZFrHoNlOL0iDsxOTRhwnWJ3yfFmf7mRJBOxEqGoI56UMrT8J7qlrGwX7tS
nOf7wKxYR2hAvAREILDgOgsFe1
firewall --disabled
authconfig --enableshadow --passalgo=sha512
selinux --disabled
timezone Asia/Shanghai
bootloader --location=mbr --driveorder=sda --append="crashkernel=auto rhgb
quiet"
zerombr
clearpart --all --initlabel
part /boot --fstype=ext4 --size=1024
part / --fstype=ext4 --size=50000
part /data --fstype=ext4 --size=30000
part swap --size=2048
%packages
@core
@server-policy
@workstation-policy
autofs
vim-enhanced
%end
%post
useradd wang
echo me | passwd --stdin wang &> /dev/null
mkdir /etc/yum.repos.d/bak
mv /etc/yum.repos.d/* /etc/yum.repos.d/bak
cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/base.repo <<EOF
[base]
name=base
baseurl=file:///misc/cd
gpgcheck=0
EOF
%end

[root@centos6 ~]#cp /usr/share/doc/dhcp-4.1.1/dhcpd.conf.sample
/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
[root@centos6 ~]#vim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
[root@centos6 ~]#cat /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
option domain-name "example.com";
option domain-name-servers 10.0.0.1;
subnet 10.0.0.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
    range 10.0.0.1 10.0.0.200;
    option routers 10.0.0.1;
    filename "pxelinux.0";
    next-server 10.0.0.100;
}
[root@centos6 ~]#service dhcpd start

[root@centos6 ~]#mkdir /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/
[root@centos6 ~]#cp /usr/share/syslinux/pxelinux.0 /var/lib/tftpboot/
[root@centos6 ~]#cd /misc/cd/images/pxeboot/
[root@centos6 ~]#cp vmlinuz initrd.img /var/lib/tftpboot
[root@centos6 ~]#Cd /misc/cd/isolinux/
[root@centos6 ~]#cp boot.msg vesamenu.c32 splash.jpg /var/lib/tftpboot
[root@centos6 ~]#cp /misc/cd/isolinux/isolinux.cfg
/var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
[root@centos6 ~]#tree /var/lib/tftpboot/
/var/lib/tftpboot/
├── boot.msg
├── initrd.img
├── pxelinux.0
├── pxelinux.cfg
│ └── default
├── splash.jpg
├── vesamenu.c32
└── vmlinuz

1 directory, 7 files

[root@centos6 ~]#vim /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
default vesamenu.c32 #指定菜单风格
#prompt 1
timeout 600?
display boot.msg?
menu background splash.jpg
menu title Welcome to wang CentOS 6
menu color border 0 #ffffffff #00000000
menu color sel 7 #ffffffff #ff000000
menu color title 0 #ffffffff #00000000
menu color tabmsg 0 #ffffffff #00000000
menu color unsel 0 #ffffffff #00000000
menu color hotsel 0 #ff000000 #ffffffff
menu color hotkey 7 #ffffffff #ff000000
menu color scrollbar 0 #ffffffff #00000000?
label auto
  menu label ^Automatic Install Centos6
  kernel vmlinuz
  append initrd=initrd.img ks=http://10.0.0.100/ks/centos6.cfg
label manual
  menu label ^Manual Install Centos
  kernel vmlinuz
  append initrd=initrd.img inst.repo=http://10.0.0.100/centos/6/isos/x86_64/
label local
  menu default
  menu label Boot from ^local drive
  localboot 0xffff

[root@centos7 ~]#yum -y install httpd tftp-server dhcp syslinux system-configkickstart
[root@centos7 ~]#systemctl enable --now httpd tftp dhcpd

[root@centos7 ~]#mkdir -pv /var/www/html/centos/7/os/x86_64
[root@centos7 ~]#mount /dev/sr0 /var/www/html/centos/7/os/x86_64

[root@centos7 ~]#mkdir /var/www/html/ks/
[root@centos7 ~]#vim /var/www/html/ks/centos7.cfg
[root@centos7 ~]#grep -vE '^#|^$' /var/www/html/ks/centos7.cfg
install
xconfig --startxonboot
keyboard --vckeymap=us --xlayouts='us'
rootpw --iscrypted $1$bpNEv8S5$lK.CjNkf.YCpFPHskSNiN0
url --url="http://10.0.0.100/centos/7/os/x86_64"
lang en_US
auth --useshadow --passalgo=sha512
text
firstboot --enable
selinux --disabled
skipx
services --disabled="chronyd"
ignoredisk --only-use=sda
firewall --disabled
network --bootproto=dhcp --device=ens33
reboot
timezone Asia/Shanghai --nontp
bootloader --append="crashkernel=auto" --location=mbr --boot-drive=sda
zerombr
clearpart --all --initlabel
part swap --fstype="swap" --ondisk=sda --size=3072
part / --fstype="xfs" --ondisk=sda --size=51200
part /boot --fstype="xfs" --ondisk=sda --size=1024
part /data --fstype="xfs" --ondisk=sda --size=30720
%post
useradd wang
%end
%packages
@core
%end

[root@centos7 ~]#vim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
option domain-name "example.com";
default-lease-time 600;
max-lease-time 7200;
subnet 10.0.0.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
    range 10.0.0.1 10.0.0.200;
    option routers 10.0.0.1;
    next-server 10.0.0.100;
    filename "pxelinux.0";
}
[root@centos7 ~]#systemctl start dhcpd

[root@centos7 ~]#mkdir /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/
[root@centos7 ~]#cp /usr/share/syslinux/{pxelinux.0,menu.c32} /var/lib/tftpboot/
[root@centos7 ~]#cp /misc/cd/isolinux/{vmlinuz,initrd.img} /var/lib/tftpboot/
[root@centos7 ~]#cp /misc/cd/isolinux/isolinux.cfg /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default

最终目录文件列表如下：
/var/lib/tftpboot/
├── initrd.img
├── menu.c32
├── pxelinux.0
├── pxelinux.cfg
│ └── default
└── vmlinuz

[root@centos7 ~]#Vim /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
default menu.c32
timeout 600
menu title PXE INSTALL MENU
label auto
  menu label ^Auto Install CentOS 7
  kernel vmlinuz
  append initrd=initrd.img ks=http://10.0.0.100/ks/centos7.cfg
label manual
  menu label ^Manual Install CentOS 7
  kernel vmlinuz
  append initrd=initrd.img inst.repo=http://10.0.0.100/centos/7/os/x86_64
label local
  menu default
  menu label ^Boot from local drive
  localboot 0xffff

[root@centos8 ~]#dnf -y install dhcp-server tftp-server httpd syslinux-nonlinux
[root@centos8 ~]#systemctl enable --now httpd tftp dhcpd

[root@centos8 ~]#cp /usr/share/doc/dhcp-server/dhcpd.conf.example
/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
[root@centos8 ~]#vim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
option domain-name "example.com";
option domain-name-servers 180.76.76.76,223.6.6.6;
default-lease-time 600;
max-lease-time 7200;
log-facility local7;
subnet 10.0.0.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
  range 10.0.0.1 10.0.0.200;
  option routers 10.0.0.1;
  next-server 10.0.0.100;
  filename "pxelinux.0";
}

[root@centos8 ~]#systemctl start dhcpd

[root@centos8 ~]#mkdir -pv /var/www/html/centos/{6,7,8}/os/x86_64/
[root@centos8 ~]#mount /dev/sr0 /var/www/html/centos/6/os/x86_64/
[root@centos8 ~]#mount /dev/sr1 /var/www/html/centos/7/os/x86_64/
[root@centos8 ~]#mount /dev/sr2 /var/www/html/centos/8/os/x86_64/

[root@centos8 ~]#mkdir /var/www/html/ks/
[root@centos8 ~]#vim /var/www/html/ks/centos6.cfg #内容参看6.3.4
[root@centos8 ~]#vim /var/www/html/ks/centos7.cfg #内容参看6.4.4
[root@centos8 ~]#vim /var/www/html/ks/centos8.cfg
[root@centos8 ~]#grep -Ev " (#|)" /var/www/html/ks/centos8.cfg
ignoredisk --only-use=sda
zerombr
text
reboot
clearpart --all --initlabel
selinux --disabled
firewall --disabled
url --url=http://10.0.0.100/centos/8/os/x86_64/
keyboard --vckeymap=us --xlayouts='us'
lang en_US.UTF-8
network --bootproto=dhcp --device=ens160 --ipv6=auto --activate
network --hostname=centos8.me.com
rootpw --iscrypted
$6$j9YhzDUnQVnxaAk8$qv7rkMcPAEbV5yvwsP666DXWYadd3jYjkA9fpxAo9qYotjGGBUclCGoP1TRv
gHBpqgc5n0RypMsPTQnVDcpO01
firstboot --enable
skipx
services --disabled="chronyd"
timezone Asia/Shanghai --isUtc --nontp
user --name=wang --
password=6oUfb/02CWfLb5l8f$sgEZeR7c7DpqfpmFDH6huSmDbW1XQNR4qKl2EPns.gOXqlnAIgv9p
TogtFVaDtEpMOC.SWXKYqxfVtd9MCwxb1 --iscrypted --gecos="wang"
part / --fstype="xfs" --ondisk=sda --size=102400
part /data --fstype="xfs" --ondisk=sda --size=51200
part swap --fstype="swap" --ondisk=sda --size=2048
part /boot --fstype="ext4" --ondisk=sda --size=1024
%packages
@^minimal-environment
kexec-tools
%end
%addon com_redhat_kdump --enable --reserve-mb='auto'
%end
%anaconda
pwpolicy root --minlen=6 --minquality=1 --notstrict --nochanges --notempty
pwpolicy user --minlen=6 --minquality=1 --notstrict --nochanges --emptyok
pwpolicy luks --minlen=6 --minquality=1 --notstrict --nochanges --notempty
%end

[root@centos8 ~]#mkdir /var/lib/tftpboot/centos{6,7,8}
#准备CentOS6，7，8各自的内核相关文件
[root@centos8 ~]#cp /var/www/html/centos/6/os/x86_64/isolinux/{vmlinuz,initrd.img} /var/lib/tftpboot/centos6
[root@centos8 ~]#cp /var/www/html/centos/7/os/x86_64/isolinux/{vmlinuz,initrd.img} /var/lib/tftpboot/centos7
[root@centos8 ~]#cp /var/www/html/centos/8/os/x86_64/isolinux/{vmlinuz,initrd.img} /var/lib/tftpboot/centos8
[root@centos8 ~]#cp /usr/share/syslinux/{pxelinux.0,menu.c32} /var/lib/tftpboot/

#以下三个文件是CentOS8安装所必须文件，CentOS6，7则不需要
[root@centos8 ~]#cp /var/www/html/centos/8/os/x86_64/isolinux/{ldlinux.c32,libcom32.c32,libutil.c32} /var/lib/tftpboot/

#生成安装菜单文件
[root@centos8 ~]#mkdir /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/
[root@centos8 ~]#cp /var/www/html/centos/8/os/x86_64/isolinux/isolinux.cfg /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default

#最终目录结构如下
[root@centos8 ~]#tree /var/lib/tftpboot
.
├── centos6
│ ├── initrd.img
│ └── vmlinuz
├── centos7
│ ├── initrd.img
│ └── vmlinuz
├── centos8
│ ├── initrd.img
│ └── vmlinuz
├── ldlinux.c32
├── libcom32.c32
├── libutil.c32
├── menu.c32
├── pxelinux.0
└── pxelinux.cfg
└── default

4 directories, 12 files

[root@centos8 ~]#vim /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
default menu.c32
timeout 600
menu title Install CentOS Linux

label linux8
  menu label Auto Install CentOS Linux ^8
  kernel centos8/vmlinuz
  append initrd=centos8/initrd.img ks=http://10.0.0.100/ks/centos8.cfg

label linux7
  menu label Auto Install CentOS Linux ^7
  kernel centos7/vmlinuz
  append initrd=centos7/initrd.img ks=http://10.0.0.100/ks/centos7.cfg

label linux6
  menu label Auto Install CentOS Linux ^6
  kernel centos6/vmlinuz
  append initrd=centos6/initrd.img ks=http://10.0.0.100/ks/centos6.cfg

label manual
  menu label ^Manual Install CentOS Linux 8.0
  kernel centos8/vmlinuz
  append initrd=centos8/initrd.img
inst.repo=http://10.0.0.100/centos/8/os/x86_64/

label rescue
  menu label ^Rescue a CentOS Linux system 8
  kernel centos8/vmlinuz
  append initrd=centos8/initrd.img
inst.repo=http://10.0.0.100/centos/8/os/x86_64/ rescue

label local
  menu default
  menu label Boot from ^local drive
  localboot 0xffff

/etc/cobbler/settings       #cobbler 主配置文件
/etc/cobbler/iso/         #iso模板配置文件
/etc/cobbler/pxe        #pxe模板文件
/etc/cobbler/power        #电源配置文件
/etc/cobbler/user.conf      #web服务授权配置文件
/etc/cobbler/users.digest     #web访问的用户名密码配置文件
/etc/cobbler/dhcp.template    #dhcp服务器的的配置模板
/etc/cobbler/dnsmasq.template   #dns服务器的配置模板
/etc/cobbler/tftpd.template   #tftp服务的配置模板
/etc/cobbler/modules.conf       #cobbler模块的配置文件 

/var/lib/cobbler/config/   #用于存放distros，system，profiles 等信息的配置文件
/var/lib/cobbler/triggers/   #用于存放用户定义的cobbler命令
/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/ # 默认存放kickstart文件
/var/lib/cobbler/loaders/    #存放各种引导程序

/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/   #导入的发行版系统的所有数据
/var/www/cobbler/images/    #导入发行版kernel和initrd镜像用于远程网络启动
/var/www/cobbler/repo_mirror/   #yum 仓库存储目录

/var/log/cobbler/installing  #客户端安装日志
/var/log/cobbler/cobbler.log #cobbler日志

yum install cobbler-web`
systemctl restart httpd

vim /etc/cobbler/modules.conf
[authentication]
module=authn_configfile

htdigest -c /etc/cobbler/users.digest Cobbler admin

htdigest /etc/cobbler/users.digest Cobbler admin2

vim /etc/cobbler/modules.conf
[authentication]
module = authn_pam

systemctl restart cobblerd

useradd -s /sbin/nologin cobbleruser
echo me | passwd --stdin cobbleruser
vim /etc/cobbler/users.conf
[admins]
admin = "cobbleruser"

#提示如果无法打开web页面，可以执行面操作
[root@centos7 ~]#yum install python2-pip
#安装指定版本的Django
[root@centos7 ~]#pip install Django==1.8.17
[root@centos7 ~]#systemctl restart httpd

[root@centos7 ~]#yum install cobbler dhcp -y
[root@centos7 ~]#systemctl enable --now cobblerd httpd tftp dhcpd

[root@centos7 ~]#cobbler check
The following are potential configuration items that you may want to fix:

1 : The 'server' field in /etc/cobbler/settings must be set to something other
than localhost, or kickstarting features will not work. This should be a
resolvable hostname or IP for the boot server as reachable by all machines that
will use it.
2 : For PXE to be functional, the 'next_server' field in /etc/cobbler/settings
must be set to something other than 127.0.0.1, and should match the IP of the
boot server on the PXE network.
3 : change 'disable' to 'no' in /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
4 : Some network boot-loaders are missing from /var/lib/cobbler/loaders, you may
run 'cobbler get-loaders' to download them, or, if you only want to handle
x86/x86_64 netbooting, you may ensure that you have installed a *recent* version
of the syslinux package installed and can ignore this message entirely. Files
in this directory, should you want to support all architectures, should include
pxelinux.0, menu.c32, elilo.efi, and yaboot. The 'cobbler get-loaders' command
is the easiest way to resolve these requirements.
5 : enable and start rsyncd.service with systemctl
6 : debmirror package is not installed, it will be required to manage debian
deployments and repositories
7 : ksvalidator was not found, install pykickstart
8 : The default password used by the sample templates for newly installed
machines (default_password_crypted in /etc/cobbler/settings) is still set to
'cobbler' and should be changed, try: "openssl passwd -1 -salt 'random-phrasehere' 'your-password-here'" to generate new one
9 : fencing tools were not found, and are required to use the (optional) power
management features. install cman or fence-agents to use them

#生成新密码，默认安装好的系统root密码为cobbler
[root@centos7 ~]#openssl passwd -1 'me'
$1$1spuisnh$j34LNmyTQWs3l6xKxCZY60

#根据以上提示，只需要做1，2，8这三项即可，修改下面四行
[root@centos7 ~]#vim /etc/cobbler/settings
default_password_crypted: "$1$1spuisnh$j34LNmyTQWs3l6xKxCZY60"
next_server：< tftp服务器的 IP 地址>
server：<cobbler服务器的 IP 地址>
manage_dhcp：1 #设置为1，表示通过cobbler生成dhcpd.conf配置文件

[root@centos7 ~]#systemctl restart cobblerd

#修改dhcp的模版文件下面的行，用来生成dhcp的配置文件
[root@centos7 ~]#vim /etc/cobbler/dhcp.template
subnet 192.168.100.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
  option routers        192.168.100.1;
  option domain-name-servers  180.76.76.76,223.6.6.6;
  option subnet-mask      255.255.255.0;
  range dynamic-bootp     192.168.100.1 192.168.100.200;

[root@centos7 ~]#cobbler sync
[root@centos7 ~]#systemctl start dhcpd